Кои са лекарствата, които повлияват нивото на кръвната захар?
Познаването на лекарствата, които могат да повлияват нивото на кръвната захар е от особено голямо значение при хората със захарен диабет. Някои лекарства намаляват нивото на кръвната захар, други го увеличават, а трети могат да оказват влияние и в двете посоки. Същевременно, трябва да се има предвид, че не всички лекарства имат едно и също влияние при различните хора.
1. Лекарства, които могат да повишат кръвната захар и да предизвикат хипергликемия
Генерично име (Търговско име)
Abacavir (Ziagen®)
Abacavir + lamivudine,zidovudine (Trizivir®)
Acetazolamide (Diamox®)
Acitretin (Soriatane®)
Albuterol (Ventolin®, Proventil®)
Albuterol + ipratropium (Combivent®)
Ammonium chloride
Amphotericin B (Amphocin®, Fungizone®)
Amprenavir (Agenerase)
Anidulafungin (Eraxis®)
Aripiprazole (Abilify®)
Arsenic trioxide (Trisenox®)
Asparaginase (Elspar®)
Atazanavir (Reyataz®)
Atenolol + chlorthalidone (Tenoretic®)
Atorvastatin (Lipitor®)
Atovaquone (Mepron®)
Baclofen (Lioresal®)
Benazepril + hydrochlorothiazide (Lotension®)
Betamethasone (Alphatrex®, Betatrex®, Beta-Val®, Diprolene®, Diprolene® AF, Diprolene® Lotion, Luxiq®, Maxivate®)
Betamethasone +clotrimazole (Lotrisone® )
Bexarotene (Targretin®)
Bicalutamide (Casodex®)
Bisoprolol + hydrochlorothiazide (Ziac®)
Bumetanide (Bumex®)
Caffeine
Candesartan + hydrochlorothiazide (Atacand HCT®)
Captopril + hydrochlorothiazide (Capozide®)
Carteolol (Cartrol® , Occupress® - очни капки)
Carvedilol (Coreg®)
Chlorothiazide (Diuril®)
Chlorthalidone (Chlorthalidone ®, Clorpres®, Tenoretic®, Thalitone®)
Choline salicylate
Choline salicylate + magnesium salicylate (CMT®, Tricosal®,Trilisate®)
Clobetasol (Clobevate®, Cormax®, Cormax® Scalp Application, Embeline® E, Olux®, Temovate®, Temovate® E, Temovate® Scalp Application)
Clozapine (Clozaril®, FazaClo®)
Conjugated estrogens (Estrace®, Estring®, Femring®, Premarin®, Vagifem®, Cenestin®, Enjuvia®, Estrace®, Femtrace®, Gynodiol®, Menest®, Ogen®)
Conjugated estrogens + medroxyprogesterone (Premphase®, Prempro®)
Corticosteroids
Corticotropin
Cortisone
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune®, Neoral®, Gengraf®)
Daclizumab (Zenapax®)
Decitabine (Dacogen®)
Desonide (DesOwen®, Tridesilon®)
Desoximetasone (Topicort®)
Dexamethasone (Adrenocot®, Dalalone®, Decadron®, Decaject®, Dekasol®, Dexacort®, Dexasone®, Dexim®, Dexone®, Hexadrol®, Medidex®, Primethasone®, Solurex®, Dexamethasone Intensol®)
Dextromethorphan + promethazine (Phenergan® с Dextromethorphan, Phen-TussDM®)
Diazoxide (Proglycem®)
Enalapril + hydrochlorothiazide (Vaseretic®)
Encainide (Enkaid®)
Epinephrine (EpiPen®, EpiPen® Jr, Primatene® Mist otc)
Esterified estrogens, estrone, estropipate
Esterified estrogens + methyltestosterone (Estratest®)
Estradiol, ethinyl estradiol (Climara®, Congest®, Delestrogen®, Depo-Estradiol®, Depogen®, Estinyl®, Estrace®, Estraderm®, Estragyn 5®, Estragyn LA 5®, Estrasorb®, EstroGel®, Estro-L.A.®, Gynodiol®, Kestrone-5®, Neo-Estrone®, Menest®, Menostar®, Ogen .625®, Ogen®, Ortho-Est®, Premarin®, Valergen®, Vivelle®, Vivelle-Dot®)
Estradiol + norethindrone (Activella®)
Estradiol + norgestimate (Prefest®)
Estramustine (Emcyt®)
Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin®, Sodium Edecrin®)
Everolimus (Afinitor®)
Everolimus (Zortress®)
Fluoxetine (Prozac®, Sarafem®)
Flurandrenolide (Cordran®)
Formoterol (Foradil® Aerolizer® Inhaler)
Fosamprenavir (Lexiva®)
Fosinopril + hydrochlorothiazide (Monopril HCT®)
Furosemide (Lasix®)
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg®)
Glucosamine (възможно е засилване на инсулиновата резистентност, по-изразено при интравенозно приложение)
Hydrochlorothiazide (Aldactazide®, Aldoril®, Capozide®, Dyazide®, HydroDIURIL®, Inderide®, Lopressor® HCT, Maxzide®, Microzide®, Moduretic®, Timolide®, Vaseretic®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + irbesartan (Avalide®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + lisinopril (Prinzide®, Zestoretic®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + losartan (Hyzaar®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + metoprolol (Lopressor HCT®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + moexipril (Uniretic®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + quinapril (Accuretic®, Quinaretic®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + telmisartan (Micardis HCT®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + valsartan (Diovan HCT®)
Hydrocortisone
Indapamide (Lozol®)
Indinavir (Crixivan®)
Interferon alfa-2a (Roferon-A®)
Interferon alfa-2b (Intron-A®)
Interferon alfa-2b + ribavirin (Rebetron®)
Interferon alfa-n1 (Alferon-N®)
Irinotecan (Camptosar®)
Isoniazid (Laniazid®, Nydrazid®)
Isotretinoin (Accutane®)
Lamivudine (Epivir®, Epivir-HBV®)
Levalbuterol (Xoponex®, Xopenex HFA®)
Levonorgestrel (Plan B®, Norplant System®)
Levothyroxine (Synthroid®, Levoxyl®)
Lopinavir + ritonavir (Kaletra®)
Magnesium salicylate (Bayer Select® Backache Pain Formula, Doans® Pills, Mobidin®, Nuprin® Backache Caplet)
Medroxyprogesterone (Provera®, Depo-Provera®)
Megestrol (Megace®)
Methylprednisolone (Urbason®, Depo-Medrol®, Medrol®, Medrol®, Solu-Medrol®)
Metolazone (Zaroxolyn®, Mykrox®)
Metoprolol (Lopressor®, Lopressor® HCT, Toprol XL®)
Modafinil (Provigil®)
Moxifloxacin (Avelox®, Avelox® I.V.)
Mycophenolate (CellCept®)
Nadolol (Corgard®)
Nelfinavir (Viracept®)
Niacin, niacinamide (Niacor®, Niaspan®, Nicolar®, Nicotinex®, Slo-Niacin®)
Nilotinib (Tasigna®)
Nilutamide (Nilandron®)
Nitric oxide (INOmax®)
Norethindrone (Aygestin®, Nor-QD®, Micronor®)
Norgestrel (Orvette®)
Nystatin (Fungostatin®, Mycostatin®, Nystat-Rx®, Nystop®, Pedi-Dri®)
Nystatin + triamcinolone (Dermacomb®, Myco II®, Mycobiotic II®, Mycogen II®, Mycolog II®, Myco-Triacet II®, Mykacet®, Mykacet II®, Mytrex®, Tristatin II®)
Octreotide (Sandostatin®, Sandostatin LAR®)
Olanzapine (Zyprexa®)
Pantoprazole (Protonix®, Protonix® I.V.)
Pegaspargase (Oncaspar®)
Peginterferon alfa-2b (PEG-Intron®)
Pentamidine (Pentam 300®)
Phenylephrine* (Sudafed PE®, and others)
Phenytoin (Dilantin®, Dilantin-125®, Dilantin Infatabs®, Dilantin Kapseals®, Phenytek®)
Prednisolone* (AK-Pred®, Blephamide®, Blephamide® Liquifilm®, Econopred® Plus, Inflamase® Forte, Inflamase® Mild, Poly-Pred® Liquifilm®, Pred Forte®, Pred Mild®, Pred-G®, Delta Cortef®, Pediapred®, Prelone®)
Prednisone (Prednisone Intensol®, Sterapred®, Sterapred® DS)
Progesterone (Prometrium®)
Pseudoephedrine* (Claritin D®, Sudafed®, and others)
Quetiapine (Seroquel®)
Risperidone (Risperdal®, Risperdal® M-TAB®)
Ritodrine (Yutopar®)
Ritonavir (Norvir®)
Rituximab (Rituxan®)
Salmeterol (Serevent®, Serevent® Diskus®)
Salsalate (Argesic®-SA, Disalcid®, Mono-Gesic®, Salflex®, Salsitab®)
Saquinavir (Invirase®)
Sodium oxybate (Xyrem®)
Somatropin (Genotropin®, Genotropin Miniquick®, Humatrope®, Norditropin cartridges®, Norditropin NordiFlex®, Nutropin®, Nutropin AQ®, Saizen®, Serostim®, Zorbtive®)
Sotalol (Betapace®, Betapace AF®, Sorine®)
Streptozocin (Zanosar®)
Tacrolimus (Prograf®, Protopic®)
Temsirolimus (Torisel®)
Tipranavir (Aptivus®)
Tolvaptan (Samsca®)
Torsemide (Demadex®, Demadex Oral®)
Triamcinolone (Aristocort®, Aristospan®, Asthmacort®, Flutex®, Kenalog®, Tac®, Triacet®)
Ursodeoxycholic acid, ursodiol (Actigall®, Urso®)
Valproic acid, divalproex sodium (Depacon®, Depakene®, Depakene® Syrup, Depakote®, Depakote® ER, Depakote® Sprinkle)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid, Ascorbate)
Vitamin E (Tocopherol, Tocotrienol)
Ziprasidone (Geodone®)
2. Лекарства, които могат да намалят нивото на кръвната захар и да предизвикат хипогликемия
Генерично име (Търговско име)
Acebutolol (Sectral®)
Acetohexamide (Dymelor®)
Alcohol
Aloe –хранителна добавка и особено ако е в комбинация с други вещества кaто: glyburide, glipizide, nateglinide, repaglinide, glimepiride, или insulin.
Amphotericin B (Ambisome®, Amphocin®, Fungizone Intravenous® Amphotec®, Abelcet®)
Amphotericin B (Abelcet®, AmBisome®)
Asian Ginseng (Ginseng; Panax ginseng)
Aspirin
Aspirin + dipyridamole (Aggrenox®)
Atenolol (Tenormin®, Tenoretic®)
Betaxolol (Betoptic®, Betoptic S® - очни капки, Kerlone® )
Bisoprolol (Zebeta®)
Bisoprolol + hydrochlorothiazide (Ziac®)
Bromocriptine (Cycloset®)
Chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin®)
Chlorpropamide (Diabinese®)
Choline salicylate (Acuprin 81®, Amigesic®, Anacin Caplets®, Anacin Maximum Strength®, Anacin Tablets®, Anaflex 750® Arthritis Pain, Ascriptin® Arthritis Pain)
Choline salicylate + magnesium salicylate C (MT®, Tricosal®, Trilisate®)
Chromium
Clarithromycin B (Klacid®, Klacar®, Klerimed®, Biaxin® )
Diazoxide (Proglycem®)
Dicumarol (Coumadin®, Miradon®)
Diltiazem (Cardizem®, Tiazac®)
Disopyramide (Norpace®, Norpace® CR)
Dorzolamide + timolol (Cosopt®)
Exenatide (Byetta®)
Fluoxetine (Prozac®, Sarafem®)
Fosphenytoin (Cerebyx®, Dilantin®, Dilantin-125®, Dilantin Infatabs®, Dilantin Kapseals®, Mesantoin®, Peganone®, Phenytek®)
Glimepiride (Amaryl®)
Glimepiride and Rosiglitazone (Avandaryl®)
Glipizide (Glucotrol®, Glucotrol XL®)
Glipizide and Metformin (Metaglip®)
Glyburide (Diabeta®, Glynase®, Micronase®, Glycron®)
Glyburide + metformin (Glucovance®)
Конски кестен (Aesculus hippocastanum)
Hydrochlorothiazide + metoprolol (Lopressor HCT®)
Insulin (Lantus®, Levemir®, NPH®, Humulin®, Novolin®, Apidra®, Novolog®, Humalog®)
Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron®)
Levofloxacin (Tavanic®, Levoxa® )
Liraglutide (Victoza®)
Magnesium salicylate (Bayer Select® , Doans® , Mobidin®, Nuprin®)
Metformin (Normaglic®, Glucophage®, Glucophage XR®, Metfodiab®, Metfogamma®)
Metoprolol (Lopressor®, Lopressor® HCT, Toprol XL®)
Morphine (Kadian®, MS Contin®, MSIR®, Roxanol®)
Nadolol (Corgard®)
Nateglinide (Starlix®)
Nifedipine (Adalat CC®, Procardia®, Afeditab® CR)
Octreotide (Sandostatin®, Sandostatin LAR® Depot)
Paloperidone (Invega®)
Penicillamine (Cuprimine®, Depen®)
Pentamidine (Nebupent®, Pentam 300®)
Phenelzine (Nardil®)
Phenytoin (Dilantin®, Dilantin-125®, Dilantin Infatabs®, Dilantin Kapseals®, Phenytek®)
Pindolol (Visken®)
Pioglitazone (Actos®)
Pioglitazone and Glimepiride (Duetact®)
Pioglitazone and Metformin (Actoplus Met®, ActoPlus Met XR®)
Pramlintide (Symlin®)
Probenecid (Benemid®, Probalan®)
Quinine (Quinamm®, Quindan®, Quiphile®, Q-vel®, Strema®)
Quinupristin + dalfopristin (Synercid®)
Repaglinide (Prandin®)
Repaglinide and Metformin (PrandiMet®)
Ritodrine (Yutopar®)
Rituximab (Rituxan®)
Rosiglitazone (Avandia®)
Rosiglitazone and Metformin (Avandamet®)
Rotigotine (Neupro®)
Salicylates
Salsalate (Argesic®-SA, Disalcid®, Mono-Gesic®, Salflex®, Salsitab®)
Saxagliptin (Onglyza®)
Selegiline (Eldepryl®)
Sitagliptin (Januvia®)
Sitagliptin and Metformin HCL (Janumet®)
Sodium ferric gluconate complex (Ferrlecit®)
Somatropin (Genotropin®, Genotropin Miniquick®, Humatrope®, Norditropin cartridges®, Norditropin NordiFlex®, Nutropin, Nutropin AQ®, Saizen®, Serostim®, Zorbtive®)
Sotalol (Betapace®, Betapace AF®, Sorine®)
Streptozocin (Zanosar®)
Sulfadiazine (Microsulfon®)
Tacrolimus P (Prograf®, Protopic®)
Tetracaine (Altacaine®, Tetcaine®, Pontocaine®)
Theophylline (Theo-24®, Theo-Dur®, TheoCap®)
Timolol (Timoptic®, Timoptic-XE®)
Tolazamide (Tolinase®)
Tolbutamide (Orinase®)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate®)
Varenicline (Chantix®)
Verapamil (Isoptin®, Calan®, Calan SR®, Isoptin SR®, Verelan®)
3. Лекарства, които могат да причинят хипо- и хипергликемия
Генерично име (Търговско име)
Amphotericin B (Ambisome®, Amphocin®, Fungizone Intravenous®, Amphotec®, Abelcet®)
Amphotericin B lipid formulations (Abelcet®, AmBisome®, Betaxolol Betoptic® {капки за очи}, KERLONE® )
Bisoprolol + hydrochlorothiazide (Ziac®)
Choline salicylate
Choline salicylate + magnesium salicylate (CMT®, Tricosal®, Trilisate®)
Darunavir (Prezista®)
Diazoxide (Proglycem®)
Fluoxetine (Prozac®, Sarafem®)
Hydrochlorothiazide + metoprolol (Lopressor HCT®)
Lanreotide acetate (Somatuline®)
Lithium (Eskalith®, Eskalith CR®, Lithobid®)
Magnesium salicylate (Bayer Select® , Doans® , Mobidin®, Nuprin®)
Mecasermin (Increlex®)
Mecasermin Rinfabate (Iplex®)
Metoprolol (Lopressor®, Lopressor® HCT, Toprol XL®)
Nadolol (Corgard®)
Octreotide (Sandostatin®, Sandostatin LAR® Depot)
Pazopanib (Votrient®)
Pentamidine (Nebupent®, Pentam 300®)
Phenytoin (Dilantin®, Phenytek®)
Rifampin (Rifadin®, Rimactane®)
Ritodrine (Yutopar®)
Rituximab (Rituxan®)
Salsalate (Argesic®-SA, Disalcid®, Mono-Gesic®, Salflex®, Salsitab®)
Sunitinib (Sutent®)
Somatropin (Genotropin®, Genotropin Miniquick®, Humatrope®, Norditropin cartridges®, Norditropin NordiFlex®, Nutropin®, Nutropin AQ®, Saizen®, Serostim®, Zorbtive®)
Sotalol (Betapace®, Betapace AF®, Sorine®)
Streptozocin (Zanosar®)
Tacrolimus P (Prograf®, Protopic®)
4. Лекарства, които могат да „замаскират” хипогликемия
Генерично име (Търговско име)
Atenolol (Tenormin®, Tenoretic® - съдържа Atenolol & Chlorthalidone)
Carteolol (Cartrol® , Occupress® - капки за очи)
Carvedilol (Coreg®)
Clonidine (Duraclon®, Catapres®)
Metoprolol (Lopressor®, Lopressor® HCT, Toprol XL®)
Nadolol (Corgard®)
Nebivolol (Bystolic®)
Pindolol (Visken®)
Propranolol (Inderal®, Inderal LA®, Inderide®, Innopran® XL, Propranolol Hydrochloride Intensol®)
Timolol (Timoptic®, Timoptic-XE®)
